2嫩草一二三切换路线转接2023
李俊映 89003万字 38066人读过 连载
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最新章节： 第521章 央视动画状告京东 （ 2024-05-04 08:39:32）
更新时间： 2024-05-04 07:19:32
- 第1章 摩拜无门槛免押金
- 第2章 倒霉熊
- 第3章 牧马人
- 第4章 斗战大陆
- 第5章 我的世界
- 第6章 我和我的祖国
- 第7章 白岩松再批国足
- 第8章 世界欠我一个初恋妻子的浪漫旅行3
- 第9章 雪鹰领主3
- 第10章 非诚勿扰火影忍者
- 第11章 大众
- 第12章 迷你特工队
- 第13章 这样唱好美
- 第14章 植物大战僵尸
- 第15章 起风了
- 第16章 林更新活跃像粉头
- 第17章 十宗罪
- 第18章 微信赞赏功能升级
- 第19章 思域
- 第20章 韩庚卢靖姗婚礼
- 点击查看 中间隐藏的 80532 章节
- 第549章 林更新活跃像粉头
- 第550章 唐探3新预告
- 第551章 如棋
- 第552章 湖人战胜开拓者
- 第553章 哈德森
- 第554章 修真聊天群
- 第555章 犯罪现场庆余年
- 第556章 猪猪侠
- 第557章 湖人单场20记盖帽
- 第558章 猫和老鼠
- 第559章 苹果高管薪酬下降
- 第560章 万古神帝
- 第561章 一人之下全职法师
- 第562章 斗破苍穹
- 第563章 熊出没
- 第564章 美科学家穿越时空
- 第565章 宝马
- 第566章 三国杀
- 第567章 兰多夫退役
- 第568章 三国演义
成年人用品无人售货店
杨呈祥长篇百余精美图文连载，可直接选择右上角“只看该作者”浏览，感谢！这是一份迟到了一年的作业，2012年的10月8日至21日，我来到了非洲南部国家之一的津巴布韦，短短的14天时间，跟随津巴布韦旅游局从首都哈拉雷再到接壤赞比亚的瀑布城，我在这个神秘国度溜了狮子，也当了传说中的津巴布韦亿万富翁，在这里看野生动物更加原始天然，这里的人民纯朴热情，这就是Zimbabwe，让人会永远回忆的美丽国家。 感谢纳丽德对我的津巴布韦之旅支持，这次旅程我也把纳丽德产品带到了津巴布韦，并送给了那里有缘的朋友。 在飞往津巴布韦之前，我的行李箱里一半都是药品和方便食品，因为关于那里的旅游信息少之又少，可在到达津巴布韦之后一路上这些也一并作为礼物送给了当地的人们，因为津巴布韦不是贫穷和脏乱。 成都出发飞北京，北京飞迪拜，最后迪拜飞往津巴布韦首都哈拉雷，中途还要落地经停赞比亚首都卢萨卡，这一趟旅程飞机算是坐值了，不过机票就要一万三大洋，心疼。迪拜飞往津巴布韦首都哈拉雷又需要十个小时，飞机上空望下去总是一片荒芜的南非大陆。 中途落地经停赞比亚首都卢萨卡，降落Lusaka之前飞机在上空盘旋了半小时，整的飞机上人基本都有要吐的趋势。关于赞比亚，后文会重点说一次，现在回想起来还是一把辛酸泪。 飞机上一路我还在喝难喝的藿香正气水，好吧，在进入津巴布韦之前我真的对南部非洲国家很敏感，方便的奈爱扣件，以及飞机上可爱的小黑妞。 在降落哈拉雷（Harare）之前，上空望下去满是石头阵，看来终于到地方了。津巴布韦在班图语中意为石头城，境内已发现200多处石头城遗迹，其中以大津巴布韦遗址最为著名。取完行李并填写完入境表后，一行人很顺利的入境，此时津巴布韦已是傍晚时分。 飞机上那两位可爱的小黑妞，我对她们充满兴趣，她们亦对我好奇，出了机场，终于进入到津巴布韦了！ 黑暗之城，这就是我对津巴布韦首都哈拉雷的第一印象，许是赶上停电，整个城市都没有路灯亮，到了酒店倒是金碧辉煌，好不气派，这酒店有个美丽的名字，THE RAINBOW TOWERS彩虹酒店，中国援建的。 到达酒店之后很快办好入住，五星大酒店，大堂很气派，这是鸵鸟蛋，好玩吧！一夜好梦，梦醒时分，窗外，紫薇花开，这便是津巴布韦带给我的第二印象，紫色，满城，而这正是我钟爱的！ 十月，正值津巴布韦首都哈拉雷满城开遍紫薇花（jacaranda），到处洋溢着一派生机盎然，美得让人沉醉。当地时间早晨五点半哈拉雷已经天亮，哈拉雷有着众多的美誉，紫薇之城、不眠之城、阳光之城，因为这里一年四季如春、百花盛开，所以这里也堪称非洲花都。 从酒店窗外望去，不远处就是津巴布韦执政党民盟也称公鸡党的总部大楼，我们住的五星大酒店，够气派吧！ 其实津巴布韦五星级的酒店房间内设施还不如国内的三星级，国内来的人基本都入住The Rainbow Towers，虽然设施陈旧，但是安全第一，服务也很好。 不过彩虹酒店的大堂还是相当气派的，酒店里到处可见津巴布韦石雕艺术品，在哈拉雷北部150公里外的热带丛林中，有一个居住着八、九十户特殊居民的小山村坦戈南戈（TANGENANGE），这就是巴布韦石雕的发祥地。 再来一组，酒店的无线网络也很给力。在津巴布韦基本都是吃西餐，彩虹酒店的西餐做的很地道，我也见识了这里的人吃甜点居然比我厉害多了。在津巴布韦的中国人不少，但是来津巴布韦旅游的中国人并不多，种种原因吧，我们被这些不同肤色的人拉着拍照，不过他们真的很真诚。接下来要开始正式的旅程了，离开哈拉雷之前我们先去了Sam Levys' Village办电话上网卡，SLV是一个步行购物街，因为街道设计有些欧式风情，且为当地欧美人的重要购物集会场所，被在津巴布韦的中国人俗称为小伦敦。不得不称赞津巴布韦的3G网络信号要强于国内任何一家，虽然这个国家还需要中国援建，但是人家的网络太给力了。 哈拉雷城市内匆忙掠影，可见随处兜售的小贩，这里，应该没有城管吧。 加油站，价格貌似跟国内差不多。 津巴布韦特色，广告树，因为所有的广告都张贴在树上。还有背娃娃，也经常能看到。 漂亮的教堂点缀在城市中，与蓝天白云相映，满城紫薇花开，很美。 经过一所学校正巧遇到学生放学，津巴布韦学生的校服还是很漂亮的。旅程第一站乘车前往羚羊公园（非洲独一无二的狮子保护基地及基金会），津巴布韦的公路类似国内的省道，不过车辆很少，途中即景。 这是最真实的津巴布韦，虽见脏乱，但是却让你移不开镜头。([]
嫩草电影研究院一二三切换路线转
杨雅雯2010.享受老挝慢时光. 01（行程图、攻略）老挝LAOS，全称Lao People's Democratic Republic。 在游客群中，老挝仿佛就是东南亚国家中号召力最弱的一个，或许是最易被人忽略的地方了，它既没有吴哥、蒲甘、素可泰刺痛心灵的历史古迹，也没有普吉苏梅、西哈努克、美奈芽庄那样海天一色的美景，但神秘、悠闲、恬静、与世无争，恰恰是这个小小佛国给予现代人最好的礼物。 老挝，它保持了东南亚最后的原始天然和淳朴宁静，未经雕琢的自然风光和质朴天然的风土人情，与现代文明的差距正是老挝的诱人之处。尽管经济落后，物质匮乏，几乎没有工业（可能至今仍旧是世界上最平穷的25个国家之一），但小小的、懒散的、仿若时光流转回去的老挝，却令东西方背包客趋之若鹜。或许，在原始的状态中享受悠闲的快乐，是种更为直接更为本真的快乐。 是的，老挝没有令人失魂落魄大惊大艳的风景人文，老挝有的，只是平淡渗透的美。只要你走近它就会发现，老挝其实就像那著名的Lao coffee，看似清苦，但在唇齿舌尖滑过之后，便会在心中印下淡淡的甘美。 走过老挝、放逐欲望。去吧，去老挝！享受现代人稀罕的慢时光......年初从南越旅行回来的时候，都不曾想到自己十一长假会游到老挝。 还是因各位老挝游回来的前辈，在网上留下了太多精美诱惑的PP和文字，加之查到2007年老挝当选LP背包客最想去的地方之一，心里面一下子就放不开老挝咯！这竟促使我改变了“提前一年就定好旅行时间和地点”的老习惯，最终在六月份上亚航下了订单，这次老挝旅行就这样突如其来鸟。 十天的辗转颠簸下来，总的来说，老挝之行比想象中轻松，之前一直担心的交通衔接问，由于旅游市场的逐步成熟，现在都有代理或GH可以预定点到点的大巴联票了，让游客省了不少力，真不错呢！ 趁着刚回来的新鲜劲儿，赶紧把实际行程和tips记下来，以供向往它的XDJM们参考吧。实际行程： D1 昆明，傍晚1830卧铺大巴（新螺蛳湾南部客运站、24h、￥374）发车 D2 大巴临晨430途经勐腊~730重新出发~930途径磨憨~1030口岸过境+老挝磨丁Beton入境~之后沿老挝13号公路开行~ 1930 到达琅勃拉邦Luang Prabang城郊的北星宾馆。 D3 琅勃拉邦（清早看布施&逛早市、下午光西瀑布Tat Kuang Si、傍晚观湄公河日落、夜市购物） D4 琅勃拉邦（清早看布施&揽湄公河晨景、白天逛寺庙——香通寺Wat Xieng Thong、维苏那拉特寺西瓜塔Wat Visoun、皇宫博物馆Royal Palace Museum、傍晚普西山Phu Si落日、夜市购物） D5 琅勃拉邦800~VIP大巴（7h、240公里）~1500到达万荣VangVieng（南松河看日落） D6上午万荣（骑行郊游，or Tubing漂流）；下午1330VIP大巴（4h、160公里）~1715到达万象Vientiane（湄公河边日落）~2030卧铺大巴（过夜） D7清早630到达巴色Pakse~730VIP大巴~1030纳卡桑村渡口Nakasang~15分钟渡船~1100到达东德岛Dong Det（湄公河看日落） D8上午东德岛（骑行看小瀑布，or包船海钓…）；下午1600渡船~纳卡桑村13号公路口~1730VIP大巴~傍晚1930到达巴色~2000卧铺大巴（过夜） D9清早630到达万象；之后万象（早市场、香昆寺佛像公园、超市购特产） D10白天万象（逛寺庙——塔峦寺That Dam、凯旋门Patuxai、西萨格寺Wat Si Saket、玉佛寺Wat Ho Phra Keo）； 傍晚万象~亚航~返程D11Tips 1、关于季节的问： 我们的十一长假，正处于东南亚雨季的尾巴。一般每天都会有阵雨，有时是一个多小时的倾盆暴雨，有时却只滴几粒眼泪水，最适宜的是晚上的那场阵雨。白天温度，也就在30~33°C，不下雨的时候阳光灿烂够晒滴，到了夜晚会好过一点22~25°C，通风好的房间只用吊扇就将就OK了（房间要开空调的话，那可是另一个价咯）。 但十一长假，却正好在老挝的旅游淡季里头（老挝旅游旺季是11~2月），呵呵，游客少，确实感受很深啊，不用担心好的GH客满，还可以低价入住！吃饭、订车票、户外活动也一样不用担心拥挤。 十一长假去的优点还有，植被茂盛稻田原野葱绿很养眼，缺点则是雨季河水太浑浊，湄公河几乎变“黄河”了，光西瀑布的钙化池也是黄蜡蜡的，全然没了“小黄龙”的影子，没有诱人的碧池，也容易失去下水的欲望。 2、关于老挝筛选游地的提示： 游客常去的老挝游点有：琅勃拉邦、万荣、万象、四千岛、丰沙湾、占巴色、波罗芬高原。因时间路线和个人兴趣之故，我们只去了前面四地。 琅勃拉邦——位于上寮，是老挝古都，必去！其中最大的看点在于：清早布施、逛夜市购物、光西瀑布钙化池跳水、普西山日落、香通寺的生命之树。 万荣——位于中寮。卡斯特地貌，探洞、骑行、turbing漂流、跳水、皮划艇、篝火狂bar......是鬼佬弄出来的户外活动经典之地，被称“山寨版阳朔”，两者的确很像，不过个人看法是：万荣就是万荣，不要以为去过阳朔就可以忽略万荣了。...以前，万荣遍布含大麻的酒饮，菜单上称之“happy xx”的，现在老挝禁毒，表面上几乎已绝迹了。 万象——位于中寮，是老挝首都，可能是世界上唯一位于边境的国家首都了吧，感觉上是很平易近人的一个国都。另，不要理解字面意思，“万象”可是一头大象也没有的，其实“万象”是粤语的译音，普通话直接音译应该接近“万听”之类的，台湾人则叫它“万珍”（呵呵，台湾人按照古时候的称谓，还称老挝为“寮国”的）。 四千岛——位于下寮，在与柬埔寨接壤的湄公河上，灰常原生态！鬼佬心仪之地。骑行、游船、河钓、晒太阳、看书、写东西、想心事、发呆、乱转......反正你去那里就准备好kill time就好咯。 丰沙湾——位于上寮，以看平原石缸为卖点的原生态地区，据说能看到更淳朴的清晨布施。 占巴色——位于下寮，也很原生态，以一处比吴哥历史还早的高棉石窟而著名，只是破坏程度也更厉害了。 ......没想到实际走下来，个人最喜欢的是万荣和东德岛两地，而且特遗憾的是都只住了一晚！！同伴J-J同学很经典地说，那是因为近来太忙的人才会喜欢乡下生活，哈哈，要是闲人会更喜欢琅勃拉邦和万象舒适的生活了吧。所以，提醒一下生长在乡间和城市的同学，别盲目跟风，要选对自己的地方，毕竟像咱这类穷人上班族，假期和米米都很有限呐，要珍惜！ 3、特别需要提醒携带的东东： 耳塞防high噪音、水上活动时的防水袋、飞机和夜行大巴上披的外套、色彩艳丽轻便的晴雨伞、高指数防晒霜、太阳镜、蚊不叮or驱虫软膏。 （如果陆路过境的话，很可能刚进咱边警的出境楼，就被直接捉到2楼交40大元办黄本本--健康证了，不过换回来的3颗防疟疾药片和一小支军医院出品的长效驱虫膏，俺们都用了，尤其那个驱蚊膏，比较了带去的其他产品，那效果，还真不是一般的好啊，真意外！所以，还是要相信老军医喔，哈哈） 其他可选的还有：mm的防晒薄长袖衣、骑行郊游用的防晒大沿儿帽、泳衣外的纱笼、以及无烟盘香、带USB口的插座、湿纸巾...... 建议携带药物：抗过敏药、奎宁防疟疾、藿香正气水、黄连素、维生素等...... 4、换汇经验： 磨憨口岸的人民币换汇最高，我们9.25过关时换到的是“ 1人民币 CNY = 1201老挝基普 LAK ”，跟出行前查的汇率相差很小。后来在老挝一路上的Exchange窗口看了，人民币换汇一路下跌啊，最高也就只有1180了，倒是感觉用美金换的汇率好，一般都稳定在8.1~8.0x左右（1 美元USD = 8100老挝基普 LAK），跟国际汇率相差不大。 注意一下，在磨憨口岸出关前（就是大巴停在关口一下车）就要换好钱，其实大巴前面停在磨憨车站时，就有不少当地妇女手里拿大沓的老挝基普围kip上来要换汇了（一般她们的喊价很难再还价的，即使你们有好几个人一起换大额）。因为你下了大巴不换钱，一旦进入中国这边的出境办公楼，给边警看了护照盖了出境章就得从另一面大门出去，这一脚跨出境，出了门就不让停留了，更别说换钱了，哪怕你跟换钱的妇女只隔一栏杆。 另外，兑换老币kip时一定不要怕麻烦，千万记住要当面清点清楚，否则可能发生缺张的情况，以及币值给错的“意外”情况，在老挝境内使用老币时也得一样小心！经验是注意下区分大面额5W和2W，都是粉红色的，还有老币常用的最小面值一千的纸币上，那个老挝数字1长得很像阿拉伯数字9喔，别慌慌张张的搞晕了！（呵呵，事实上也不可能存在有九千票面的钱币哒）。其实老币也有500面值和100面值的小纸币，有时候你换汇或在超市购物找零，常常被莫名地去零头，可别轻易地算了，记得老币也有小面值的喔，拿来留作纪念也蛮好滴。 老挝币只有纸币没有硬币的，简称kip，老挝币里头“零”太多，一般就以W为单位去计算老币就好了。跟人民币的快速等值换算，就是乘以8再去掉后面4个“零”，差不多就是人民币的当值咯，比如，老挝人比划价钱说1Wkip（一般会说英语ten，就是“十千”kip），其实相当于人民币8块钱左右。 5、便利的长途大巴联票： 很高兴地是，发现现在老挝境内的旅游地，诸如万荣~万象~巴色~四千诸岛，都可以买到联票了，这跟在越南走open tour公司车票、以及在尼泊尔代理车票都是类似的，很方便，票价呢也并非贵多少！尤其是去四千岛的3个岛（东阔岛、东德岛、东昆岛），原本看前辈的游记中提起，都得靠自己一程程链接砍价找车，麻烦又费时还要担心衔接问，但现在都可以订到车船联票咯，呵呵，也就是说，你买了他们的联票，就不怕赶不上每一个环节的大巴咯，真是省心呀。 另外，也有发完境外泰国、越南、柬埔寨各地的联票，大大地方便了串游东南亚的XDJM们。 6、城镇内交通： 太远不能走路过去时，就靠tuktuk（或者jump）了，实质是三轮摩托的改装小车，前者小点。 坐tutu车前一定要先讲好价、手写出来示意，因为老挝币的“零”太多了，尤其是在万象“大”城市，还很可能被故意混淆teen和ty的发音，1.8W和8W差的可不是一点儿，会被骗惨！另，旺季一定特别要跟车主谈好，包车中途是否准许再上人，不然相信会被挤扁。 现在tutu一般起价都叫1W/人，即使在这样的淡季，有时还会蒙5W/2人的。在车站内和游客聚居区要还下来价格较难，所以一般就自己背包走出车站外面，或走一段远离游客区，再拦车砍价更好。 小经验：只要是在琅勃拉邦城内转悠，当地人乘的tutu价格是0.5Wkip；在万象，别相信那些景点tutu车主拿出的价格表，那高得真是太昧良心了！ 7、通讯用老挝手机卡： 强烈建议穷游一族在到达当日就买好老挝SIM卡！老挝的手机卡很好买，小店里都有。我们买的M PHONE卡，2Wkip，里面还含差不多20~30分钟的老挝境内通话时间（没仔细记录，粗估的）。 老挝有2大通讯公司，一个是ETL,另外一个是LAO TEL。使用老挝的电话卡，单向收费，接听全免费，包括接听国际长途哦。建议买LAO TEL的M PHONE 电话卡，老挝境内差不多700kip一分钟，打回中国的话自动转成IP（就是直接0086-地区号-你要拨打的号码就可以了），2000kip左右一分钟。而ETL比较麻烦，打长话必须要加188，就变成了IP，如果不加188，那个费用吓死你！ 附，中国通移动开通国际漫游的老挝资费准：(1).拨打当地电话4.99/分钟，拨中国国内电话0086+号码12.99/分钟，接听电话5.99/分钟。可以选择中国移动推出的**139优惠业务拨打国内电话，费用与接听相同5.99/分，每分钟可节省7 元。使用方法：拨国内手机拨**139*86 手机号＃，固话拨**139*86区号用户号＃，成功呼出后手机上会显示“Ok.Please wait”字样，此时可挂机等待约半分钟，移动会为您接通电话回拨过来。若被叫未接听电话则无需支付费用。(2).发国内用户短信1.99/条，接收短信免费。 8、生活： 老挝是220V电压与国内相同，大部分GH里的插头都是2孔的。 一般Guset House的开价，用空调的普遍比只用吊扇的贵2Wkip。特别指出一点，中文版的《LP老挝》一书版本较早，其中GH指导价格早已过时，甚至有些推荐的食店也早就关张找不到了（这点在琅勃拉邦特别突出）。 饮水，大的GH里有大净水桶，可以灌装。一般就自己在小店买6软瓶一组的瓶装饮用水，最高买过0.8W一组在四千岛，最低是0.5W一组在万象。好像洋鬼子都很喜欢买这种软瓶装，他们鬼着呢，估计这样买水最合算。 老挝小超市很多，日用品一应俱全，很方便。比如小小90ml的飘柔洗发水也就合人民币四五块钱，比越南还便宜点儿呢。街头Massage的小店很多，相对上海的美体店那是便宜得很，不过老挝的style用力太温柔，不够爽，用的精油也不够好。 9、小吃吃经验： 这个季节水果就买那种小米芭蕉吧，因为都是自然熟的，甜而糯很美味，比大香蕉还好吃。一扇小米芭蕉的当地价是0.5kip，记住喔！街上有水果小推车，有剥好的柚子卖，0.5Wkip一个挺甘甜的，也有认不得的绿色佛手果，没尝。街上小零食推车有卖煮玉米、煮盐水花生、煮小红薯的，还有烤小米芭蕉的小摊子，3只0.1Wkip，烤过之后的味道就像烘山芋，真神奇！在琅勃拉邦街头，常见一种现场烤制的小椰汁糕，并不甜腻而是香糯，是很美味的甜品喔！ 法棍还不错很便宜，街头本地人小摊0.1Wkip一小根，还有许多法棍夹菜吃法的小推车，跟越南街头的很相似，有的鬼佬就在街头买这种法棍夹菜三明治来吃，呵呵，便宜又饱肚。 老挝的汤粉不如越南的好吃，可能有个人口感的缘故吧。总觉得老挝本地人吃的偏咸，花式粥啊米粉啊都不敢多喝，甚至老挝油条里也都会放点儿调味料。 老挝的咖啡质量挺不错的，咖啡浓度比国内高，只是从未溶入本地人生活，这跟越南很不同。不过一般针对游客的餐店都会有lao咖啡卖，强烈建议品尝！个人体验是，老挝咖啡更偏重咖啡清香，而越南咖啡则添加更多奶油香。 10、食品手信： 建议作为老挝手信之一，去超市购买些LAO咖啡带回来，会受欢迎滴。LAO咖啡大品牌是DAO-HEUANG GROUP的DAO COFFEE（还有另一个本地品牌，貌似没有DAO做的大),除了超市有卖，它还有专卖店，三合一的大致有3种不同的口味，600g30支我们买的是2.7Wkip。还有咖啡粉、咖啡豆，按品质分价格不同。 老挝产的一种本地酸角软糖，淡淡的酸甜味，挺不错，不管是自己吃还是送人都很好，只是包装简单了些，我们买的是一小包大约20几粒1.3Wkip。 11、学几个有用的老挝语： 1-能、2-耸、3-伞姆、4-西、5-哈、6-货格、7-结特、8-白特、9-告、10-西普、千-潘； 中国-巴太金、谢谢-hope jai（Khawp jai）、再见-拉滚（但实际听到的发音像“老公”），最重要的一个必学词是老挝打招呼问好的sabaidee-萨拜迪。 The other‘s tips： a，老挝时间： （和越南泰国时间一样），都比中国北京时间晚一个小时，如中国的10：00am是老挝的9：00am。 b，重量单位： 注意下，老挝的水果、蔬菜、肉类、糖等，都是轮公斤出售，价全是xxxkip一公斤。 c，信用卡，取现： 基本无用，或者用也要加3%+手续费，ATM机是有的，有VISA的借记卡提现在这些地方还是方便。 d，购物支付货币： 买东西看价的货币吧。价是美元，最好用美元支付，价是kip，就用kip支付。要不然给你折算一次，会贵一些的。老挝本地老币、美金、泰铢都可以流通使用，人民币之前也开始流通了，就是因为假币问又不行了。 e，衣着、习俗： 老挝人不接受暴露太多的装束。忌讳用左手传递东西或食物、忌讳别人触摸他们的头。 f，寺庙参观： 老挝的寺庙一般下午四点多就关门，中午休息，要去要赶早。 另外Lao Guidebook 2010上说最好是早上拜访寺庙，清晨过来拍照，可以掌握最好的光线效果。 老挝的寺院，不管大小，进入都要脱鞋子和帽子，短裤不能太短，露背露肩的衣服不能穿。 g，食： 老挝以糯米饭为主，叫做 kao niao（发音），普通老挝人吃饭很简单的，少油盐，就1个凉拌菜，用手捏一小团糯米饭配着吃。 要试试老挝的damahong，就是凉拌木瓜，老挝的木瓜不像国内的都熟透了，这里都是生的，脆脆的，和着辣椒、鱼露还有西红柿什么的，拌在一块儿吃，是地道的老挝菜。 老挝的bin ba就是烤鱼也很不错，一定要试，不过有点小贵。注意老挝不临海，一般就是淡水鱼。 不要忘了吃吃老挝的kao biao，一种类似中国粉的东西，一般5000kip一碗，糯米做的，很管饱，而且味道很不错。 老挝有一种酸奶，味道很不错，上面原味的不含糖酸奶，地下室一层果酱，吃起来很有感觉。 来老挝千万不要忘了买瓶Beer Lao来喝：地道唯一的老挝啤酒，在老挝的市场占有率极高，是老挝人的自豪。Beer Lao比国内的啤酒纯多了，酒精度数也要高一些，酒量不好的，千万要注意啊，不要以为只是一瓶啤酒而已。Wine Lao：类似葡萄酒的一种水果口味酒，深受女性喜欢。Lao Lao酒：一种当地自产的米酒威士忌，度数较高，据说后劲很大。 各色水果shake是每餐必点的饮品，绝对的美味。夜市上小摊出售的shake最便宜，卫生条件也不错，5000KIP/杯，其他地方在6000-26000之间不等。Mix fruit shake、Papaya+Pineapple、Strewberry等口味都不错。 老挝咖啡享誉盛名，在炎热的午后来一杯浓郁的冰黑咖啡也不失为一种享受，7000-12000KIP/杯。 h，老挝特色小吃： 香蕉奶油口味的PANCAKE、小铝碗里烤的椰汁小饼、蒸红薯、法棍面包、放在小竹筒里面蒸熟的黏米饭、加入很多种类当地香料的清蒸河鱼、搭配鱼露汁的油炸时蔬饼…… i，市场还价： 摸索到一些报价规律，供大家参考 夜市里的小物件、特色商品、报价的7折是一般他提供的最低成交价，但5折大都可以成交，有人是来给自己小店采购的，因相对量较大，比如某种纸灯笼买20-30个，观察到3-3.5折是底价附近了!老挝背景资料： 老挝慢生活： 在中南半岛，有一句很有名的谚语：“越南人种田；柬埔寨人看着稻米成长；而老挝人连看都懒得看，只竖起耳朵，听着青翠的秧苗拔高成穗”（Vietnamese plant the rice；Cambodians watch it to grow；Laos listen it to grow.）。慢生活体现在老挝人身上，即是：Bo Pegniang （Please don’t rush 请不要着急），慢吞吞、闲散、安静、而且安宁，大多数人脸上都挂着和善的微笑，见到你会轻轻低低地问候一声“撒拜迪”。 宗教深入生活： 老挝全民信奉小乘佛教，有人聚居的地方就有寺庙，在城市里几乎走不了几步就会出现一处寺庙。老挝男性上至高官、下至平民百姓，一生之中都必须至少出家当一次和尚，每次一般3个月，少则3-5天，也有终身为僧不还俗的。寺庙对人们而言，是教育之所，是沿袭老挝文化之地。 小乘佛教徒主要守持五戒，但不持素，只忌食“十肉”（即：人、象、虎、豹、狮、马、狗、蛇、猫、龟），日进二斋，过午不食。（注意，异性不得与僧侣有身体上的触碰。） 附，大乘与小乘的区别——“乘” 为车辆的意思。大乘即大车辆，大牛车，普渡众生自度度他；小乘即小车辆，鹿车羊车，只能自度。教义上区别：小乘主张“我空法有” ；大乘主张 “我法皆空” 。实践方面的区别：小乘主张修持阿罗汉果，求得自我解脱，独善其身；大乘主张行菩萨道兼善天下，普度众生，最终成佛。目不同，修行内容方法也异：小乘修三学（戒、定、慧）八正道；大乘则兼修六波罗蜜（六度），即布施、持戒、忍辱、精进、禅定、智慧。 湄公河： 流经老挝全境，老挝语Menam Khon，柬埔寨语作MeKong（意“母亲”），越语作Song Tien Giang，中国境内称澜沧江（Lancang Jiang或Lan-ts'ang Chiang）。湄公河是东南亚的母亲河，总长约4,880公里（3,033哩），流域总面积：81.1万平方公里，是世界第六大河，亚洲第三长河，东南亚第一大河。发源于中国青海省，流经西藏自治区与云南省，此后成为缅甸与老挝之间，以及老挝与泰国之间的部分国际边界，还流经老挝、柬埔寨与越南，然后在胡志明市（西贡）南面注入南海。老挝首都万象与柬埔寨首都金边均在岸边。湄公河约3/4的流域面积在其下游流经的5国－－缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨与越南。最后写一段外话收尾。 老挝旅游业发展很快，接触旅游的当地人，大都会用多种语言跟你搭讪。打招呼的词，英语、法语、日语、韩语、中国普通话...他们都会，连万象的外语培训公司里，中文也是频繁开班的语种之一。 不过肯定是来自中国的背包客太少了，我们被直接招呼“O ha yo”的比例高达95%，虽然被认成了日本人郁闷，但好过那剩余5%被认成棒子，哈哈！然后当我们大声纠正“Chinese”的时候，100%会被反问是否来自HongKong，看来“香港是中国的”这个命已深入世界咯，吼吼。不过，我们还是会继续纠正“from ShangHai”喔，也有不少老挝人知道上海的，还不错！而且老挝人大多对中国人很好奇，搞旅游的那些人总是想从我们这里多学几个中文词呢。 其实，在老挝做生意的湖南老乡浙江老乡遍布各处，他们常年生活在老挝，其中开中餐馆倒是不多，大部分开店做商品生意。到了老挝国都万象，虽然紧挨着泰国，小超市的食品大部分也是泰国货，但却几乎就变成中国人的天下了，我们看到大的就有水利公司、道桥公司、建筑公司、大宾馆...都竖着巨幅的中文牌识。老挝唯一那条贯通南北的13号公路，就主要是中国援建的，而13号公路从与中国接壤的磨丁开始，直达泰国廊开的这一段，属于“昆曼公路”的老挝段。从另一个高度来看，老挝对中国的战略意义可是很大啊。 老挝的四邻顺时针分别是泰国、中国（云南）、越南和柬埔寨，前两个经济好的国家对它都有深刻影响。如今老挝旅游业飞速发展，不由得让人对它独特的原生态产生担忧，......唉，看看中国内地恶劣扰人的旅游业现状就够了。重要补充： 1）关于证。 俺习惯把事情提前做好，所以行前就把证的事情搞妥了才出门，建议XDJM们尽量跟俺一样。喜欢随性的人肯定会不屑地会问了：Why？虽说游记上查到的信息，说老挝可以陆路落地的人更多，事实上，那只是一般情况。口岸的政策随时在变，与我们同车的帅哥就遭遇了惨烈的意外！我们过境那段时间说是不给落地了，然后不得不找了换汇的小妹，她们讲可以帮忙通关系，最后的结果是花了一千大洋才过了国门！！要知道，老挝目前证费200元，一般委托代理也不过300元。（老挝证目前只有在北京和昆明可以自己办。） 2）老挝入境卡 到老挝入境的窗口，记得先问他们要入境卡！！自己填好再递进去盖章办手续。切记切记！！不然，他们不会主动递出空白卡来的，你就会被索要20RMB （or 2Wkip）才能被放过喔。 3）公路信息 据穷游网刚回来发帖的mm说，打听到两个月后，昆明~老挝公路的老挝段要开始维修了，老挝人的效率是不清楚几时能完工的，提醒要去的人注意。关键是老挝段都是窄窄的山路，弯弯曲曲的路况真的不好，反正俺睡在车子最前面中间位子的下铺，也非得用脚抵着栏杆，才不至于被时时东摇西摆的大巴甩出床铺，唉，确实很颠！要是修起路来，路况更差、错车更困难，估计从昆明到琅勃拉邦可就远不止24h咯！ 4）夜行大巴 因为老挝的车子大部分是棒子那儿来的二手车，所以大巴铺位改装得怪怪的。万象和巴色的来回，俺们都睡了双人的那种上铺（幸好同伴J-J同学也不胖，哈哈），订票时可以提要求的，比如要前面的上铺。下铺一般有拉帘子，不过要是跟陌生人挤一个铺还要拉帘子可真受不了啦......，后来知道，也有单铺大巴卖，价格无异。琅勃拉邦到万象的也是夜行巴士，不晓得是否也有两种大巴呢？ 看网上也有人说昆明到琅勃拉邦的大巴，买到的是上下都是双人的那种铺位，不过我们那趟车还是一排2x3个单铺的。单人铺很窄小的呢，连俺都觉得受不来，跟上海到青岛的“恐怖超载”夜行班车一样，呵呵，还是在北疆坐到的卧铺大巴宽敞啊（怀念ing，俺深爱着的北疆，咔咔）。 另，在昆明~琅勃拉邦的夜行大巴上，可能会有小偷装成的客人，要特别小心随身贵重物品！这个小偷往往是半夜到达勐腊之前（临晨4点），开始在走道里匍匐翻包行窃，然后在勐腊下车，事实上，过了勐腊之后，大巴上就剩下五六光人了，包括一个日本独驴。 2010.享受老挝慢时光. 02（预告美图之一）唉，每次旅行回来，一想到要整理4千张海量照片，都是一个头十个大。~~估计哪天就真的欠债不还直接潜逃啦，嘻嘻......^_^不多说牢骚话咯，先上几张自己喜欢的预告美图吧。 Ps.全部原创图片啊，咔咔，D90还没摸熟，PP问多多，请大家批评指正。 琅勃拉邦，Luang Prabang：在琅勃拉邦的花阴下，沉醉。` 大名在外的香通寺，它代表了琅勃拉邦的寺庙风格，与高棉和泰国的寺庙不同，寺顶一直垂至地面。主殿内壁全部是鎏金壁画，主殿后壁外墙上，则镶嵌着一棵令人过目不忘的生命之树！` ` 日落普西山远没有想象中的辉煌美妙，太阳哗啦一下子就掉到山后去咯。事实上，在普西山，还是看人间炊烟、天上晚霞来得棒。 万容，VangVieng：一只沉醉在万荣喀斯特风景里的猫猫。南松河上，飘回来的是正爽得hight的皮划艇&;tubing。远处跳水+畅饮+蹦迪中的鬼佬&;近处光PP戏水的本地小P孩。著名的LP推荐的看景GH：elephant crossing......不过，个人认为还是在这里次次4.5Wkip/人的较丰盛自助早餐，一边看看美景是最合算的咯。万象，Vientiane：万象的湄公河日落......注意，对岸可是泰国的土地咯。荣登老挝国徽的图案：塔銮。被赋予国家主权象征的鎏金塔，金光灿灿的果然好气势啊！万象并没有大象，只找到这两只石头小象，蹲在法式老房子的外墙上，快乐地甩鼻子嬉戏着。老挝首都最拿得出手的大街景，号称“小香榭丽舍”大道，远处就是老挝的“凯旋门”。呵呵，这个视角看起来，跟模仿的原型还真有些相似啊。2010.享受老挝慢时光. 03（预告美图之二） 特别喜欢四千美岛这个地方，为它拍了许多照片。选片好难，难以取舍，呵呵，只好再开一个新篇来预告它了，希望您不要嫌弃它的PP太多......四千岛 之 东德岛，Dong Det：（湄公河 篇）（四千美岛）（黄昏） ` ` ` ([]
嫩草电影研究院一二三切换路线转
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陈文豪(本帖所有水下照片版权为猪娃蛋仔所有，独发8264，请勿转载！） 在印度尼西亚尼 苏拉威西岛的北角有一个著名的“海洋国家公园”， 叫本娜肯国家公园 （Bunaken National Park）。 相信潜水爱好者对“珊瑚三角带”一定很熟悉，而本娜肯就在珊瑚三角区域的中心*。*（珊瑚三角带：由马来西亚，印度尼西亚，巴布亚新几内亚，菲律宾，所罗门群岛，东帝汶所组成的海洋区域。 它被称为 “海洋里的亚马逊”，占据了五百七十万平方公里的海域，是全球海洋生物物种的中心。在这里有超过3000种的鱼类，500多种珊瑚，6大种海龟。） 本娜肯国家公园有超过390种珊瑚，这也提供了很多鱼类，贝类，爬行类，海洋哺乳类和软体动物栖息地。它包含900平方公里的海域，其中本娜肯岛就是我们这次潜水的主要目的地。除了本娜肯岛，我们这次也去了蓝碧海峡 （Lembeh Straits）玩垃圾潜水 （Muck Diving）,但是运气不好没有找到拟态章鱼，没关系以后还可以再去。 因为马来西亚，泰国，菲律宾目前都属于雨季，阳光不充足，也因为小编特立独行的个性，（别人去的地方我偏不去），所以诗巴丹，海豚湾，斯米兰，仙本娜可以以后再去。 自从今年初从书里认识了这个潜水圣地，小编可谓做足了准备：在新加坡凑齐了一身合适的潜水装备，还托朋友在日本专门买了佳能5D MARK III的SEA&SEA防水壳和照明配件；2个月前就买了机票，联系当地的潜水中心，预定了酒店的房间，一定要做到万无一失。 这10天的潜水带给我无限的乐趣，“和海龟一起潜行，从扳机鱼群中穿过，智斗八爪小章，水深40米沉船内寻宝，蓝碧海峡搜寻小生物，鼻腔血管爆裂”， 最后美景证明了一切都是值得的。 为了方便大家阅读，小编把此帖分成了3部分：装备篇；行程篇，摄影篇（珊瑚和鱼类科普）。1. 行程篇 ：https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1884010-pid-35895318.html2. 装备篇 ：https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1884010-pid-35951243.html3. 摄影篇 ：https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1884010-pid-35964226.html行程篇：1 - 航班，机场，证信息 2 - 酒店，潜水中心信息 3 - 潜水准备和须知 4 - 本娜肯潜点特色介绍 5 - 蓝碧海峡潜点特色介绍 6 - 高地一日游 （火山 和 内陆湖） 7 - 离境 及 潜水总结第一天当然是坐飞机了，虽说印尼 Manado （万鸦老/美娜多） 属于东南亚北半球，但是飞行距离还是很长，差不多9000公里左右。小编选择的是新加坡航空公司的班机，从北京飞到新加坡樟宜机场，然后转机乘坐SILK AIR航空飞到美娜多，飞行时间一共是9个半小时。大家也可选择乘坐印尼鹰航，相对来讲会比较便宜，但是必须从雅加达转机，比较耽误时间。印尼是落地证，只要你的护照不是白本，几乎不可能拒。证费25美金，有效期30天。 美娜多的 Sam Ratulangi 国际机场不大，办理证，入关，提取行李用不了多久，但是入关时需要按手印提取指纹，只要从容地走程序，一切都不成问。（小编是第2次去印尼了，所以护照和指纹以留记录，就更方便了）。（图片来自网络）（图片来自网络）走出机场立刻就能看到司机举着我的姓名牌，握手寒暄之后，把行李搬上车就开始往酒店出发了。机场距离酒店大概有50分钟车程，小编这次选择的酒店和潜水中心不在市区，而是在西北角的WORI 区，能隔海遥望Bunaken本娜肯岛, Manado Tua美娜多二号岛 和 Siladen 西拉丹岛。来到酒店，没想到正赶上大装修，酒店大堂正在吊灯和添加内饰，中部的游泳池在扩建，小别墅区的VILLA HOUSE 也在加层翻新，难怪之前联系的时候说没有别墅房了，心里多少有些不爽。 登记的时候，前台小妹端来了迎宾果汁，哎！毫无添加剂，没有水的勾兑的味道啊！混合的苹果，橘子和牛油果的香味，现在回国也想试试自制一下。漫步在7公顷的绿茵地上，周围被椰树环绕，想到这几天能在这潜水，一种莫名的兴奋感油然而生。 (图片转自网络）左边的锥形火山是 Manado Tua, 右边的长条型岛就是 Bunaken.房间还算可以吧，该有的都有，不该有的也有。 我的单人间在三楼，可以俯视整个酒店，房间整体成白绿色，一天三潜之后躺在豪华大床上也能恢复体力。 独立空调，温度风速随你控制。 浴室24小时热水，只有淋浴，没有浴池，水量还是很大的，估计可能是离海一步之隔的原因吧，略有有一点咸味。 每间房都有落地窗大阳台，累的时候也可以坐在外面欣赏美景，感受海风。整栋楼都有无线WIFI，但是速度真的是不敢恭维，要不然我就全程直播每日行程了。电视里有很多国际频道，不过小编没有看电视的习惯，具体有没有中文台还真不清楚。最不爽的还是蚊子，热带雨林气候嘛也没办法，每天早晨服务生打扫房间肯定要敞开门的，然后晚上就轮到我把它们挨个拍死，“哎，你不下地狱，还能是我下吗？”（图片转自网络）因为潜水日程是从第2天开始的，所以晚上也没什么事干，正好可以去泳池检查下相机潜水壳是否漏水。大泳池是正在装修扩建，不过还有一个小泳池，“没关系，只要有水就行！” 一开始检测当然不能放相机进去了，不然一旦漏水，连相机都遭殃了。 把机壳和闪光灯的O-Ring 分别图上一层硅油，检查封闭后下水，哦也！一切正常！把潜水壳放回房间后，就是拿上PADI AOW的潜水证，NITROX 富氧许可证和一大袋子的潜水装备赶往酒店的潜水中心登记。很多朋友都说自己潜过水，但是却是无证，我只能告诉你，你那是体验潜水，费用昂贵而且只能潜到10米左右，水下真正的美景你根本感受不到。还是考一个潜水证吧，初级的4天就完事了，小编的进阶潜水证也只用多出两天时间，之后就能潜到40米，还能学会简单的安全技巧和浮力掌握知识，你说值不值呢？ 所有潜水装备，除了潜水电脑，潜水手电和相机外，都可以存在潜水中心，每天管理人员会帮你运到船上，装上“压缩21%氧气含量的空气金属气罐”，清洗，晒干；你唯一需要做的就是出发前检查物件是否齐全，检查氧气气压是否达 200大气压。检查完潜水证，填完登记表后，（其实就是证明没有疾病之类的）我还在潜水中心借了两本鱼类科普画册，这几天学一学没有坏处，希望这次看到的鱼类都能叫出名字。因为要潜至少8天，每天至少3潜，所以尽量不要重复潜点，除非偶尔几个真的是非常美丽，值得再去。根据本人的潜水经验，一般早晨8点开始出发，所以尽量早起吃多一点自助早餐，保证一上午的能量供应。 一共两潜，潜点尽量安排在岛的东面，这样阳光可以斜射在珊瑚礁上，色彩会比较鲜艳，对于用鱼眼镜头拍摄大场面效果会非常好。中午12点回酒店，要立刻吃午餐。 下午2点出发，这时太阳已经开始西下，所以去岛的西边吧，可以换成准镜头拍摄鱼类。夜潜一般在6点，可以把潜点安排在水下沙地和珊瑚礁潜点，这时虾兵蟹将都出动了，拿上你的微距镜头，手电和摄影灯吧，小生物的特写全靠这些装备了。记住每次潜水之后都要休息至少一个小时让身体排出氮气，一般就是坐在船上瞎聊，这时可以提前准备一些零食，比如香蕉，茶水之类的。小编每个早晨出海都会灌一壶红糖姜茶，不但可以补充能量，还能让大脑兴奋起来。Bunaken 本娜肯潜水点Lembeh Straits 蓝碧海峡潜水点前5天差不多都是在本娜肯岛周围潜水，此岛非常特殊，海下四周都是深不见底的悬崖，所以WALL DIVE可算是全球闻名。小编几乎全程按照摄影计划实施，偶尔也会迁就同船的日本潜友，去一些他们喜欢的潜点。每一潜都会有潜导带队，没队最多3人，绝对可以照顾的过来。潜导们对这里非常熟悉，跟我说海底就是他们的家，在家里找到想找的东西易如反掌。潜水第一天：潜点1. BUNAKEN TIMUR； 下水时间 826 AM； 水下停留时间： 48分钟；最深：28米；铅块配重： 2KG;潜水类型： WALL DIVE; 相机镜头： 鱼眼； 水温：28度。随行队员及潜导，鱼眼仰拍。 效果：半个 Snell's window.潜点2. BORUR;下水时间：1020 AM; 水下停留时间：53分钟；最深：31米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度。各式各样的珊瑚潜点3. HOUSE Reef 下水时间：1415 PM; 水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：23米；铅块配重：2KG; 潜水类型： SANDY BOTTOM; 相机镜头：微距；水温： 28度。透明磷虾第2天： 潜点4： LIKUAN III; 下水时间： 8：20AM;水下停留时间： 61分钟；最深： 27米；配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE相机镜头： 鱼眼；水温： 29度。俯拍海底潜点5. LIKUAN I下水时间： 10：30AM水下停留时间：60分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE& WALL DIVE ;相机镜头：鱼眼； 水温：28度。小编水中自拍 （水下拿掉呼吸头是不正确的，因为拍摄需要这次特例，请勿模仿）潜点6 ：LIKUAN II下水时间： 1435PM水下停留时间：58分钟；最深：30米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度.红色扇珊瑚第三天潜点7. BLACK ROCK下水时间： 8：38AM水下停留时间：43分钟；最深：31米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：SANDY BOTTOM & REEF DIVE ;相机镜头：鱼眼； 水温：29度。小丑鱼潜点8. MOLAS SHIP WRECH下水时间： 1030 AM水下停留时间：40分钟；最深：37米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： WRECK DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼； 水温：27度。此船为日本太平洋战争时被荷兰军队击沉的运输船，长60米，宽10米。船中物资上世纪80年代已被打捞一空，来此毫无危险。潜点9. KATRIN 下水时间： 18：18PM水下停留时间：62分钟；最深：21米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： NIGHT DIVE & REEF DIVE;相机镜头：微距；水温：28度红色寄居小螃蟹第四天潜点10. SACHIKO POINT 下水时间： 8：30AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：29米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度玳瑁大海龟在休息潜点11. BANGO下水时间： 10：44AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：29度向我挺近的狮子鱼潜点12. BAHOWO下水时间： 1420PM水下停留时间：63分钟；最深：24米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： SANDY BOTTOM;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度小编水下自拍第五天潜点13. MUKA KAMPUNG下水时间： 8：30水下停留时间：58分钟；最深：30米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度水下20米左右的扇珊瑚，上方为潜导 JIEN.潜点14. TIMUR BORUR下水时间： 1020AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度SNELL'S WINDOW潜点15 GABET下水时间：14：18PM 水下停留时间：65分钟；最深：19米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE &; SANDY BOTTOM ;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度潜导 JIEN 勇斗 八爪小章鱼！第六天潜点16：SILADEN TIMUR 下水时间： 8：35AM水下停留时间：63分钟；最深：23米；铅块配重：2KG; 潜水类型：WALL DIVE &; MACRO DIVE;相机镜头：微距；水温：29度小海兔！ （这一天都在拍微距小动物，为的就是转天的 蓝碧海峡积累经验！）潜点17. TIMUR下水时间： 1040AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：WALL DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：29度NIMO!潜点18. ENGINE POINT下水时间：14：22PM 水下停留时间：58分钟；最深：24米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：SANDY BOTTOM & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：28度蓝色海鳗第7天： 蓝碧海峡 - 车程2小时，一早吃完早餐， 8点出发，10点多一点到达，车上拉着10个气罐和3个人的潜水装备。 因为是MUCK DIVING, 所以小编只准备了微距镜头。 此行的目的是拍到拟态章鱼（MIMIC OCTOPUS)和侏儒海马 （PYGMY SEAHORSE)。 今天让我感觉到了什么叫“人算不如天算”， 悲催的小编第一潜，到水里后才发现闪光灯的电量居然不够了！！！ 尼玛！！！ 虽然带了备用电池，但是也没法在水下换啊！ 拍出来的照片黑暗无比，28米的深度，当时就算调高了ISO也无济于事，侏儒海马算是拍不成了，只能观赏了，旁边几个老外还对我报以怀疑的眼神，好像在问：“你丫的拿了这么大个相机怎么不闪呢？ 怎么不拍呢？ 不会是来装样子的吧!?” 当时我恨不得找个洞钻进去，想想还是算了，调高了ISO往上走走吧，在水浅的地方阳光还算充足，可以拍了！潜点19. MAGIC ROCK下水时间： 1100AM水下停留时间：51分钟；最深：29米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：MUCK DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：27度红毛猩猩蟹第二潜换上了新电池，闪光灯还是给力了，但是依旧不见 拟态章鱼的身影，难到真的找不到了吗？ 寄希望于最后一潜。潜点20. TK III下水时间：13：00 水下停留时间：62分钟；最深：25米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：MUCK DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：28度箭猪河豚吃完船餐后，我们祈祷能够找到拟态章鱼，我跟潜导请求，这次我想一直潜到 20大气压才上来 5米3分钟停留，可不可以？ 没想到潜导居然答应了，跟我说只要控制好呼吸，我们能水下停留个80分钟没问。因为太心急，我入水以后迅速下沉，结果没有及时中和耳腔压力，当我开始捏着鼻子顶气时已为时太晚，因为用力过猛，竟然鼻腔的毛细血管爆裂了！！？？ 哥忍着剧痛竟然坚持了75分钟， 奇迹啊。潜点21. JAHIR 下水时间：15：40PM水下停留时间：75分钟；最深：21米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：MUCK DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：27度好像叫 DEVIL FISH蓝碧海峡不愧是世界第一 MUCK DIVE 潜点，奇特的生物数不过来，来这边潜水的欧洲人实在太多了，海峡两边也有很多潜水中心，下次打算再来一趟，带个3-4天一定要拍到拟态章鱼，侏儒海马和麒麟鱼。其他海量蓝碧微距照片，小编会在第三部分摄影篇发出请大家关注。第8天 潜点22. LIKUAN II 下水时间： 8：30AM水下停留时间：54分钟；最深：29米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE ;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度群鱼乱舞([]
嫩草院研究院官网入口一二三切换路线转
王嘉岳在8264潜水多年，发过帖子，但都是提问帖，寻求帮助的。这次发一个关于清迈的分享帖。我7月份在清迈赖了半个月，从下面几个方面和大家分享一下赖在那的日子。都是原片，真实再现。希望我能把楼盖完，这个帖子不会烂尾清迈·街拍（39楼，在清迈取现和换汇）清迈·信仰（68楼开始）清迈·夜市（115楼“夜市·小吃”、193楼“夜市·人物”）8264驴·游清迈（225楼）泰北·Pai（250楼开始、286楼粉红主木屋旅馆）清迈·火车站（305楼）、大学（316楼）、双龙寺（321楼）清迈·市场walolo（338楼开始）、Airport Plaza（429楼）清迈·吃（474楼）清迈·住（607楼青旅“little bird”）清迈·店里的手工艺品（665楼）曼谷·terminal 21厕所专（724楼）文字攻略篇（781楼）清迈印象：这是在清迈长康路附近的鲜花市场拍的。清迈地图： 看到清迈的第一眼第一晚住的地方（合RMB170，含早餐）后面会对此行住的地方做个总结。清迈的主要交通工具图解：1、最上面的是双条车。清迈的双条车分为六个颜色（红、白、绿、黄、蓝、橘）。红色是随招随停的（20泰铢起），与司机沟通好目的地和价钱，下车付费。另外五种颜色的则行驶固定的路线；2、右下角的是“dudu”40泰铢起，也是随招随停；3、自行车租一天也就50B（合RMB10），“一天”的概念就是24小时；4、老外们通常喜欢租摩托车，这样远近都可以去了。接下来发些街拍照片，都是原片，大家自己找感觉吧在清迈的日子，总能“转角遇上花”。在泰国绕不开的就是寺庙和僧人。后面会有一个寺庙的专 很喜欢每家门前的信箱，后面会有一个专几乎每家每户都供养着佛，每天都要拜一拜的：）来点本土的哈几乎每家都会挂的。。。普通的市场，后面会有一个walolo专。 先盖到这。。。 银行都以颜色区分，持中国的借记卡可以在支持中国银联的ATM机上直接取钱。以下都是可以直接取现的银行：Bangkok Bank（曼谷银行，橙色）KASIkom Bank（泰华农民银行，绿色）TMB（泰国军人银行，蓝红相间）UOB（大华银行）Siam City Bank（泰国城市银行，红色）Siam Commercial Bank（泰国商业银行，紫色）关于取现手续费：泰国的银行，每取一笔，手续费是150B。国内银行手续费一般是取现金额1%+12元。关于换汇，我个人认为可以在国内换好，或在清迈的superrich拿人民币换（美元就更好了），换汇都不错的。我给大家上一个我的工行卡明细截图，能直观体现在清迈ATM取现的费用艺术中心，拿护照去可有免费的中文讲解。在交通高峰期，会有交警给到寺庙参观的游客的车开道哈。([]
澳门午夜诱惑午夜诱惑豆瓣
方君豪Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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